2024-09-12
Detailed steps of straw carbonization
It is harvest time again. Autumn is the harvest season. With the autumn harvest, a large amount of straw crop waste will be generated. At present, the main ways to use straw are: fertilizer, feed and energy. Straw carbonization is an emerging way of straw recycling in recent years. Straw charcoal has the advantages of high calorific value and low pollution, and can be used as fuel; at the same time, it can also be used as organic fertilizer, soil conditioner, etc. in the agricultural field; in the field of environmental protection, straw carbonization can also effectively solve the problem of agricultural and forestry waste treatment and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Steps of straw carbonization:
一、Raw material pretreatment
1. Crushing: Crushing the straw, usually processed into particles less than 2 cm, to improve the efficiency and uniformity of the carbonization reaction.
二、Drying treatment
1. Drying or sun drying: For straw with a moisture content higher than 15%, drying treatment is required to reduce its moisture content. The drying temperature and time need to be adjusted according to the performance of the equipment and the type of straw. Generally, preliminary drying is carried out at a temperature of 120℃-150℃ to evaporate the moisture in the straw.
三、Carbonization process
1. Preheating the carbonization main furnace: Before the dried straw is sent into the carbonization main furnace, the main furnace needs to be preheated to ensure the smooth progress of the carbonization process.
2. Carbonization reaction: The dried straw is transported to the feeder by a conveyor belt and then enters the carbonization main furnace for carbonization. During the carbonization process, the straw is heated to a high temperature (usually above 500 degrees) in an oxygen-deficient environment, and a pyrolysis reaction occurs to generate solid charcoal, liquid fuel (such as wood vinegar) and gas (such as combustible gas). In this process, volatile substances in the straw are discharged and the fixed carbon content of biochar is increased.
3. Discharging: After a certain period of carbonization (the specific time depends on the performance of the equipment and the type of straw, such as coconut shells can be discharged after 18-20 minutes of carbonization), the carbonized straw charcoal is sent out through the discharging device (such as a water-cooled slag discharger) to complete the carbonization process.
四、By-product treatment
1. Recycling of combustible gas: The combustible gas generated during the carbonization process first enters the cyclone dust removal system for cleaning, desulfurization and dust removal, and then enters the condenser to be separated into liquid fuels such as wood vinegar and tar. The remaining gas is led to the outside of the main furnace by the induced draft fan and used to heat equipment such as dryers to achieve energy recycling.
2. Recycling of hot flue gas: A part of the waste hot flue gas can be used to heat the dryer or other equipment that needs to be heated to save energy. The remaining flue gas is discharged after being treated by the dust removal system (such as water cleaning, water spraying, etc.) to reduce pollution to the environment.
五、 Finished product processing
1. Cooling and packaging: The carbonized straw charcoal needs to be cooled to prevent it from spontaneous combustion or continued oxidation. The cooled straw charcoal can be packaged and stored or transported to the place of use.
If you need a carbonization machine, you can contact us at any time. Zhengzhou Dingli New Energy is a professional manufacturer of carbonization machines. Its products are sold at home and abroad. All employees of Zhengzhou Dingli New Energy Equipment Co., Ltd. will serve you wholeheartedly!
